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Properties Chart: The Polyolefins
Property
Units
ASTM test method
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Low density
Medium Density
High Density
Homopolymer
Copolymer
Density
g/cm
3
D792
0.910-0.925
0.926-0.941
0.942-0.970
0.890-0.915
0.890-0.905
Specific Volume
cm
3
/g
D792
1.09-1.07
1.07-1.06
1.06-1.04
1.13
1.13-1.10
Inj. Moulding temp.
°C
150-290
150-290
180-351
200-300
200-300
Inj. Moulding press.
MPa
55-100
70-140
70-140
70-140
70-140
Moulding qualities
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Extrusion temp.
°C
120-315
135-315
150-315
170-300
170-300
Buring rate
D635
Very slow
Very slow
Very slow
Slow
Slow
Specific heat
kJ6kg.K
2.3
2.3
2.3
1.92-2.3
2.09
Thermal conductivity
W/m.K
C177
0.46-0.52
0.33
0.08-0.017
0.005-0.010
Thermal expansion
cm/cm.K
D696
16-18x10-5
11-13x10-5
5-11x10-5
8.0-9.5x10-5
Heat distortion temp.
°C(0.45 MPa)
D648
40.6-49.4
48.9-65.6
60-88
98.9-121
85-113
Vicat softening point
°C
85-87
95-105
120-130
150
Tensile strength
MPa
D638
7-16
8-24
21-41
21-41
20.0-31.0
Ultimate elongation
%
D638
90-650
50-700
15-1000
40-600
200-700
Compressive strength
MPa
D695
11-16.5
18-21
16.5-22
59-69
25-55
Flexural strength
MPa
D790
No fracture
33-48
14-21
34.5-48
Flexural modulus
MPa
310-380
520
760
120-1500
800-1400
Impact strength Izod
J/m of notch
D256
No break
27-295
80-640
30-120
60-1070
Modulus of elasticity in tension
MPa
D747
115-250
170-380
550-1050
900-1400
700-1200
Hardness
D2240 or D785
D40-D46 (Shore)
D50-D70 (Shore)
D60-D70 (Shore)
R85-R110
R50-R96
Refractive Index nD
D542
1.51
1.54
1.49
Volume resistivity
ohm.cm
D257
>10
16
>10
16
>10
15
->10
18
>10
16
>10
17
Dissipation (power) factor at 1KHz
D150
<0.0005
<0.0005
<0.0002
0.0002-0.0008
0.0001-0.0008
Dissipation constant at 1KHz
D150
2.25-2.35
2.25-2.35
2.25-2.35
2.0-2.1
2.24-2.30
Dielectric strength
kV/cm
D149
175-400
175-400
175-200
200-260
200-260
Arc resistence
s
D495
135-160
200-235
186
136
Water absorption
%
D570
<0.015
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.01-0.03
Odour
None
None
None
None
None
Machining qualities
Fair
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Clarity
Translucent to opaque
Translucent to opaque
Translucent to opaque
Translucent to opaque
Translucent to opaque
Effect of sunlight
Surface crazing
Surface crazing
Surface crazing
Affected
Requires protection
Effoct of organic solvents
D543
Resistant below 60°C
Resistant below 60°C
Resistant below 80°C
Resistant below 80°C
Resistant below 80°C
Chemical resistance
D543
Attacked slowly by oxidising acids
Attacked slowly by oxidising acids
Attacked slowly by oxidising acids
Attacked slowly by oxidising acids
Attacked slowly by oxidising acids